Since there is no size given in the disk management tool and the drive model is missing in the device manager, I guess that only the USB to (S)ATA bridge is detected here. This would also explain why there is no partition table found and you cannot create one (which would be a bad idea if there is data on that disk you want to recover). "The device is working properly." just means there is no driver problem and windows could get a identifying response from the drive.
Fist you should see if the disk spins up correctly. Unplug the drive, listen closely in a silent environment and/or put your hand on it. Now plug it in again. You should hear/feel the platters spinning up followed by continuous nosie/vibration of the spindle motor. If this does not happen or there are continuous spin-up attempts, there might be a problem with the power contacts in the USB jack. I once had a Passport disk with a similar problem, where the voltage drop was not big enough to prevent the spin-up but high enoug to cause read errors. Opening the case, cleaning the contacts and tightening the worn out jack fixed the problem. If you just want to access the data on the disk, you could also simply connect the bare disk directly to your computer.
If the disk spins up correctly, there might be another problem. To narrow it down, try with another, preferably short USB cable and/or on another computer. If it persists, opening the case and attaching the disk directly would be a good option again.
Opening the case was quite tricky in my case. Took me a while to find out that I had to pull the middle of the short edges apart quite far and then slide off the board like u shaped part. I however don't know if there has been only one type of enclosure over the years.