Thats one works for me:
Enter adb shell, insert the SD card into the slot and type:
# dmesg
This returns kernel messages. Look at the end, it will tell you what device was inserted with additional information:
<7>[22821.137721] sdhci: card inserted.
<7>[22821.336235] Universal : Card status 1
<6>[22822.591613] mmc2: new high speed SDHC card at address b368
<6>[22822.598715] mmcblk1: mmc2:b368 46608 15.4 GiB
<6>[22822.601085] mmcblk1: unknown partition table
Take note of the device, in this case it's "mmcblk1"
Now use fdisk to create a new partition table like this:
# fdisk /dev/block/mmcblk1
Create a new empty DOS partition table:
Command (m for help): o
Create a new primary partition:
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-505824, default 1): enter
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-505824, default 505824): enter
Print the partition table and review the changes:
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/block/mmcblk1: 16.5 GB, 16574840832 bytes
4 heads, 16 sectors/track, 505824 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 64 * 512 = 32768 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/block/mmcblk1p1 1 505824 16186360 83 Linux
Note that mmcblk1p1 is partition 1 on mmcblk1.
Write the partition table to disk and exit:
Command (m for help): w
Power cycle your phone so it properly re-reads the partition table and go into Settings, Storage and format/mount your card.