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are there any cases that in LAN, host are assigned public IP? if so, why in these cases, public IPs are used in LAN?

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  • With IPv6 there will be no IPs.
    – Zoredache
    Jul 12, 2013 at 21:07

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If your ISP is giving you an entire block of public IPv4 addresses, and you have enough to cover each system in your LAN, then you can give each system in your LAN one of those IPv4 addresses.

Regarding IPv4, this is increasingly rare since all ipv4 addresses have been assigned to registrars. Some organizations have large /24 blocks from when they were assigned in the beginning, like IBM, etc.

If your ISP only gives you 1 public IPv4 address, as is the usual situation if you are a residental or small-business ISP customer, you'll then need to use NAT and private IP addresses on your LAN.

With IPv6, your ISP likely does give you a large block (like a /64 or a /32) and you can usually give each system on your LAN a public IP address.

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  • so for IBM, the computers, that are with public IPs, are in a LAN and they are not reachable from the outside world? then how are these computers are connected? are they connected by link-layer equipments or routers?
    – misteryes
    Jul 12, 2013 at 17:01
  • @misteryes -- Just because IBM has the IPs doesn't mean they are in use. A lot of IP4 numbers are sitting around unused, but due to tech and politics they can't be taken back and reassigned. And, just because a machine has a public IP address doesn't mean it isn't behind a firewall.
    – Jeremy J Starcher
    Jul 13, 2013 at 2:35

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