I have gotten the error in the Microsoft KB article 975778.
I was able to get onto my computer luckily, but when I went on to get the hotfix that is stated in the article, it gave me this error when I ran it:
The update is not applicable to your computer.
Is there any way of getting the disk check error to stop, or to get this fix to work.
I will answer any questions on hardware if you post the questions in the comments.
Answers to questions
This is the full version that I got from ASUS as an upgrade disk from Windows Vista (hopefully more specific than you were asking).