Simple answer for your scenario: 8 GByte of RAM should be enough. Digging deeper you will find that there is actually more to this.
Each development workstation has a bottle neck. Memory, CPU, disk I/O, etc. Once you resolve one bottle neck, a different one gets promoted. Not having to wait for the computer during software development will most likely be a reality for probably only very small or trivial programs or maybe if you are using an interpreted language.
I think "waiting" is relative. For example our main product takes about 20 minutes to build on the fastest computer we have. I consider that slow. Fortunately, we don't have to rebuild the 150+ projects all the time. And yet we have to wait for the computer. About 12 months ago building on the fastest machine took about 1.5 hours to 2 hours. We worked hard and a combination of faster machines and some tweaking of the build process helped to bring that down.
The gains in time were offset by additional time required for more automated test that were added over time.
Generally we found that in our case most of the time the limiting factor is disk I/O, so with each new development workstation we try to improve that parameter. We have the fastest Xeons you can get and we have 8 GByte RAM which is not completely used at any time (about a third is unused). Our product consists for about 10 solutions with about 150 to 200 projects (mix of C++ and C#).
If you have multiple solutions using msbuild (or nant) helps speeding the build and test execution as you avoid launching Visual Studio and loading the solution in the first place.
Bottom line: I think it depends on a number of factors. It is important that you continuously analyze the build and test process and improve the item that you identify as consuming most of the time. For example you may be able to run tests involving a database completely in memory by using a database system like SQLite. A lot of thinking and continuous maintenance will be required to alway keep the build and testing times low. And regardless what you do and how much you invest: I think it is unlikely that you will find a zero-wait-time workstation any time soon...
Good luck!