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How can I add a program to the "Open With" menu on a Mac?

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Do you mean the submenu you get when right-clicking on a document? If so, it's generated automatically by Launch Services based on the document types your applications claim to be able to handle. If you look inside an application package (right-click the application, and select Show Package Contents), inside the Contents folder there'll be an Info.plist file with various information about the application, including an array of document types it can open (see Apple's dev documentation here).

TLDR; if the application handles that type of document, it should already be listed; if not, I don't know a way to add it manually.

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by editing the plist file, of course! – Daniel Beck Dec 14 '10 at 21:21
@Daniel Beck: that'd work, although it's likely to get reverted the next time you update the app, and will also invalidate the app's code signature (since you've tampered with it). – Gordon Davisson Dec 14 '10 at 22:42
@Gordon True. It all depends on how important this is for you. I kept this up for a while to get rid of the ridiculous NewsFireItemType type name for NewsFire's spotlight compatibility items, but it became boring really fast. – Daniel Beck Dec 15 '10 at 2:25
Ok I added it to the list, do I have to reboot or something for it to take effect? – Chris Dec 15 '10 at 21:55
@Chris You need to make Launch Services aware of the changes. I think moving the application around might do the trick. From /Applications to ~/Applications, then start and quit again, then move back. Alternatively, try to trash and restore. – Daniel Beck Dec 16 '10 at 6:03
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