You can still use the Advanced Filters. Here's how you can use it for your problem:
Single Criterion
Here's a way to exclude or hide cells that contain the substring "ef."

Result:

This is the formula in A13:
=ISERROR(SEARCH($B$13,B2))
which works the same as: =ISERROR(SEARCH("ef",B2))
Note the usage of absolute and relative references. The 2nd reference (B2) points to the first item in your data range; in order for the filter to work, it needs to be relative. The reference that points to the text substring that you don't want to include needs to be absolute.
Also, the Criteria range needs to have a blank header; although you have include it when setting up your advanced filter (see the Criteria range field in the screenie).
Multiple Criteria
This example hides cells that contain the substrings "ef", "j" and "rs."

Result:

Here's the formula in A13 this time:
=AND(ISERROR(SEARCH($B$13,B2)),
ISERROR(SEARCH($B$14,B2)),
ISERROR(SEARCH($B$15,B2)))
or you could use:
=AND(ISERROR(SEARCH("ef",B2)),
ISERROR(SEARCH("j",B2)),
ISERROR(SEARCH("rs",B2)))