Sigh. A quick google shows the E5500 use a Intel 45 chipset. Googling the Intel 45 Chipset says it uses the ICH9. Googling ICH9 says Wikipedia says it has Sata 3GB/s.
But I could of told you that considering the age of the E5500. Too old to have Sata 6GBs... Too young to have Sata 1.5GBs...
"How do I find an SSD that matches the performance of my SATA controller?"
Open ended questions FTL.
No scoping is only cool in Halo.
It's like a parent asking "How do I find a school that fits my child?"
The question implies performance, which is relative. For example, it is easy to max out the RAM capacity of your machine if you try to load a 10GB file into RAM. No program does that, however. Again, it is easy to max out even the best gaming cards. But that isn't the same thing as performance.
So this makes performance a relative issue. An issue relative to a user's workload. Since you have specified zero workloads to compare performance to, we have to speculate or use the default "I Facebook for four hours a day" workload. In that case, a PATA harddrive will do. So what is the workload we are suppose to measure "performance" against? Who knows.
After realizing what the scope of this question is, the answer is obviously "Who knows?" Only you can prevent forest fires.