No - desktop IE cannot create shortcut tiles on your Metro start page.
Consider Metro as an isolated environment protected from potential attack/control/influence from apps running on your desktop. Apps running in the Windows desktop have VERY little influence and/or control over Metro apps, start screen and environment. In fact, there are almost no API's available to desktop app developers to interact with Metro at all - pretty much the only thing they can do is open the start page!
Even Metro apps themselves cannot interact with one another other than through very well defined and system-controlled "contracts".
This is a good thing :)
The desktop version of IE can host 3rd party controls and extensions (e.g. flash), and so could be compromized. The Metro IE browser does not permit extensions and so can keep you far safer. Using the Metro browser, you'll see far fewer errors, crashes, hangs, slow-downs, etc.
HTH.