While it looks like a hardware fault, it could also be the embedded controller/charge controller being in a undefined state. While this would probably also be just a coincidence, there might be malware interfering with the embedded controller. Your removal steps (which are unknown to us) might also have had an impact.
To restart the embedded controller, disconnect power supply, remove battery an try to power on the laptop. This obviously will not work, but helps to discharge capaciators powering the controller. Then reinsert battery and connect power supply again and see if it begins to charge. If not, the controller might have been running without interruption despite of the power-on attempt. In this case repeat these steps but wait some time (maybe one day) before reinserting/connecting.