I haven't found a way to skip DirectX 10 testing. On the other hand, I've found a way to fill system rating data so that Windows Experience Index is displayed:

The following steps explain how to change the displayed numbers. Since I couldn't run the official performance testing, I had to cheat.
WinSAT: Windows System Assessment Tool
Using WinSAT command-line utility, I ran all the tests excluding gaming graphics:
winsat dwmformal
winsat cpuformal
winsat memformal
winsat diskformal
This way I obtained the rating for almost all the components. The results are saved in %WinDir%\Performance\WinSAT\DataStore\ in XML files.
And then I ran only DirectX 9 subset of graphicsformal3d assessment:
winsat graphicsformal3d -dx9 -xml d3d.xml
I skipped graphicsformalmedia assessment as its data are not displayed.
Formal Assessment Data File
Luckily I had a copy of XML file with Formal assessment from another Windows 8 computer. I modified the data in <WinSPR> element and put my data into it:
<WinSPR>
<SystemScore>3.1</SystemScore>
<MemoryScore>4.4</MemoryScore>
<CpuScore>4.8</CpuScore>
<CPUSubAggScore>4.1</CPUSubAggScore>
<VideoEncodeScore>3.9</VideoEncodeScore>
<GraphicsScore>3.1</GraphicsScore>
<Dx9SubScore>4.1</Dx9SubScore>
<Dx10SubScore>5.6</Dx10SubScore>
<GamingScore>3.3</GamingScore>
<StdDefPlaybackScore>TRUE</StdDefPlaybackScore>
<HighDefPlaybackScore>TRUE</HighDefPlaybackScore>
<DiskScore>5.1</DiskScore>
</WinSPR>
In my case, the file is named 2012-12-03 12.12.03.212 Formal.Assessment (Recent).WinSAT.xml.
After modifying the XML file, the system displayed the data but complained the data were out of date. To fix it, I copied the data starting with <SystemConfig> up to the end from one of the formal assessments generated above.
Inconsistencies
I didn't modify the data in <Metrics> element, so they're incorrect.
Additionally, the data in <Dx9SubScore> and <Dx10SubScore> are inconsistent with <GamingScore>.
The inconsistencies can be fixed by copying the data from the formal sub-assessments. My goal was achieved: Windows displays the Windows Experience Index, so I left those unchanged.
Acknowledgements
The answers to Performance rating returns with no results showed me the way to go. I learned about WinSAT and how Windows stores its Performance data that are displayed as Windows Experience Index.