let's suppose that you return after six months to some project for which you don't remember anything or you have to start to work in some other's project for which you have no clue or information about.
The past is irremediable here, what would you do now?
My usual plan:
1- Before trying to understand anything; write down what I think I will find out here, or draw a mind map or concept map
2- First not-in detail investigation, trying to get a rough idea and drwaing the structure
3- Compare with my notes from 1 and decide if I understand enough, if not repeat cycle until I am happy
4- Decide the work steps of the project and work on it
....