There is a [**Code Preview Handler**][1], but it supports only the extensions .cs, .vb, .js and .sql . The source code is available and it doesn't look too complex to create a Preview Handler (well, sort of, I wouldn't know how to do one).
I tried adding other extensions to the Code Preview Handler with the tool [**Preview Handler Editor**][2] but it doesn't work, the preview pane is blank (at least for the .pl files I tried).
![alt text][3]
**Edit**: you have also a pack of Preview Handlers [**here**][4], that support the following filetypes:
* ActionScript (.as)
* ASPX (.aspx)
* C# (.cs)
* CSS (.css)
* Diff (.diff, .patch)
* DOS (.bat, .cmd)
* JavaScript (.js)
* Ruby (.rb, .rhtml, .rjs) thanks to Ivan Porto Carrero
* SQL (.sql)
* VB (.vb)
[1]: http://timheuer.com/blog/archive/2006/12/13/13945.aspx
[2]: http://blogs.msdn.com/toub/archive/2006/12/14/preview-handler-association-editor.aspx
[3]: http://img260.imageshack.us/img260/1686/capturelj.png
[4]: http://blog.tatham.oddie.com.au/2006/12/20/vista-and-office-2007-preview-handler-pack-released/