In Acrobat Reader I can go to File > Properties to see all the metadata for the open PDF file: the program that created the document, author information, embedded fonts, etc.
OS X's Preview can also display metadata, albeit a more limited subset (under Tools > Show Inspector). However, you can't see embedded font information with Preview.
Is there a way in OS X (preferably with Preview, and not with Acrobat) to see what fonts are embedded in a PDF file?