How to make Handbrake preserve capture time / creation time?

Question

Handbrake is an awesome video compression tool, but it doesn't seem to preserve the original capture time after a video is compressed. Any idea how to fix this?

Answer 1

You can copy the existing metadata from one file to another without needing to re-encode the video using FFmpeg. It basically takes one second. To do this, let's assume three files:

• in.mp4 – the original file before conversion
• out.mp4 – the file after Handbrake conversion
• fixed.mp4 – the file with "corrected" metadata

The FFmpeg command to copy the complete metadata record to the new file would then be:

ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -i out.mp4 -map 1 -map_metadata 0 -c copy fixed.mp4

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Explanation of syntax:

To break it down, this does the following:

• Take two input files (in.mp4 and out.mp4), which are assigned the IDs 0 and 1, respectively.
• Map only the video/audio/subtitle streams from file 1 to the output (-map 1), so we take the bitstreams that are already converted
• Map only the metadata from file 0 to the output (-map_metadata 0)
• Use the copy codec (-c copy) to copy all the bitstreams instead of re-encoding the video.

After that, you could obviously rename fixed.mp4 to out.mp4.

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Proof:

As an example, here's part of the metadata record of my original file:

$ mediainfo in.mp4 | grep "Encoded date" | head -n 1
Encoded date : UTC 2012-01-08 11:16:19

Here's the file after Handbrake conversion:

$ mediainfo out.mp4 | grep "Encoded date" | head -n 1
Encoded date : UTC 2012-12-24 11:39:35

Here's the final file after mapping the metadata:

$ ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -i out.mp4 -map 1 -map_metadata 0 -c copy fixed.mp4
[…]

$ mediainfo fixed.mp4 | grep "Encoded date" | head -n 1
Encoded date : UTC 2012-01-08 11:16:19    

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If you want to do all with FFmpeg:

Actually, you don't really need to use Handbrake if you can use FFmpeg, which Handbrake relies on anyway. In the simplest case you can do your conversion like this:

ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -c:v libx264 -crf 23 -c:a aac -map_metadata 0 out.mp4

This will convert the input with the x264 encoder and AAC audio to an output file, copying the original metadata. In order to change the quality of the output, you can:

• Change the CRF value for video. Lower means better quality. 23 is default, and anything below 18 will probably be visually lossless.
• Change the bitrate for audio. See the AAC encoding guide for more info.

Read the x264 encoding guide on the FFmpeg wiki for more.

Answer 2

Unfortunately it seems handbrake can't do it on its own, but similarly to the ffmpeg example, the timestamps can be copied from the original after compression by using the touch unix command:

touch -r MVI_1234.MOV compressed_MVI_1234.m4v

this will set the timestamp on the compressed file to the same as the given reference file.

Answer 3

If you mean the file-level modification time, then I had the same problem, and was able to recover it with exiftool.

exiftool -tagsFromFile input.mp4 -extractEmbedded -all:all -FileModifyDate -overwrite_original output.mp4

This takes the metadata and FileModifyDate from input.mp4 and copies it to output.mp4.

To automate this as I had a large number of files to transcode, I created a tool called Shrinkwrap that first transcodes with FFmpeg (I moved away from HandBrake because of needing to preserve more metadata), then recovers the modification timestamp with exiftool.

Answer 4

I found an easier way to do this, using a different software called Adapter: http://www.macroplant.com/adapter/

It doesn't have all the advanced settings like HandBrake but it does the job (also using ffmpeg) and retains the metadata I need.

Answer 5

I made a bash script that can batch transfer the metadata, using touch as suggested above. For it to work you must have your original and converted files on separate directories, each with the same number of files (the directories must only have the video files, as other files/directories will interfere) and in the same order. Then it just copies the metadata and you're all set and done. The script lists all the file pairs so you can check for errors in the end if you want.

The code might not be the neatest as it was my first proper bash script, but it's been pretty fast and stable for me, so here goes:

#!/bin/bash
#Sets IFS to \n to allow for filenames with spaces
IFS=$'\n'

#Source directory and converted direcotry
dir1=$1
dir2=$2

#Array with source filepaths
srcf=()
#Array with converted filepaths
cnvf=()

#Adds filepaths from the source directory to srcf array
for file in $(ls -1 $dir1); do
    srcf+=("$dir1/$file")
done
#Adds filepaths from the converted directory to cnvf array
for file in $(ls -1 $dir2); do
    cnvf+=("$dir2/$file")
done

#Checks if source and convert folders have the same number of files
if [ ${#srcf[*]} -eq ${#cnvf[*]} ]
then
    #Counter variable
    fnum=0
    #Loops through the arrays and runs touch command on pairs of files to transfer the metadata
    while [ $fnum -lt ${#srcf[*]} ]; do
        echo $fnum
        echo ${srcf[$fnum]} ${cnvf[$fnum]}
        touch -r ${srcf[$fnum]} ${cnvf[$fnum]}
        ((fnum++))
    done
else
    echo "The provided paths do not have the same number of files. Both paths must have the same number of files in the same order."
fi

To run do: sudo bash script.sh /sourcedir /converteddir

Answer 6

I am using macOS Yosemite and HandBrakeBatch – use it to convert files, but click at the "keep file creation and modification dates" box in the "Preferences" menu.

Then, I import the videos to Lightroom 5, but they still don't keep the creation dates. But, most importantly, the files are shown in Finder with the correct Creation date. So I selected all of them in the Lightroom library → Metadata (right dialog column) → Capture Time → Change to File's creation date → Change All.

I had 850 old family videos – I had to do this process in batches of 100. Handbrake crashes with a lot of files.

Answer 7

The program MyFFmpeg does this very well. In its options there is a choice to Keep Original Creation/Modified Date from Source File.

I had been looking for this because I have my home videos on a Plex server and the files are organized by the creation date, which is very useful if you want to see stuff from a particular year.

Unfortunately this is not a free option, currently costs 20 euros or about 21 US. They do have a trial for 10 uses before you have to buy a license. Surprised some of the free ffmpeg GUIs don't have or add this option.

Answer 8

After much searching, I mostly gave up on using old video files with correct date created/modified to overwrite the date created/modified of my new Handbrake-compressed video files. Since most of my videos have the date/time in the filename, I experimented and got two methods to work. The first and best is to use Advanced Renamer's timestamp method, which CAN change file date modified, created, and accessed, not just the file name itself. https://www.advancedrenamer.com/download.

I also found a powershell script https://www.michaelmiklis.de/set-creation-and-modification-date-from-filename/ which could be adapted by a programmer for other file name/date formats. In its current state it only works if the filename is structured exactly as it is in that example.

Fortunately my number of videos without the date modified in the filename is low enough I can change those manually, won't take too long.

I tried using ffmpeg, but its map_metadata command only changes data inside the file, not the date modified, created of the file itself. That kind of internal metadata Handbrake already does fine with anyways.

Answer 9

I try to maintain the creation date while I compress my incredibly large GoPro MP4 videos into H.264.

I found the program HandBrakeBatch. It's exactly what I need to compress over 1000 files in one go, while keeping the creation date (metadata).

Have not found any other programs that are able to do this. Tried with FFmpeg, HandBrake and Wonderful Video Converter, but no.