In the past I bought a long 20 meter USB cable as I wanted to charge my phone from a socket that was far away from my bed, however due to the length of the cable the electric did not travel far enough. I never found a solution to this problem.
Recently, I bought this outdoor WiFi antenna on the Wish website here, that is low power 30m.
Would I be able to just plug this into my laptop, or will I have problems because of the length of the cable and if so how can I resolve them?
The answer is "possibly, but it's a bad idea" and quite possibly a waste of your money.
As was mentioned in the comments, the USB specification only allows for around 5 meters. These specifications aren't set arbitrarily, there's a ton of electrical engineering work that goes into determining these. They also tend to have pretty generous slop in those specs, so I can't imagine that going 6x over the spec's max length is a good idea.
Even if it functions at all, you're likely to have compromised speed or reliability.
Also, consider that Wish.com is a reseller for the cheapest Chinese crap imaginable, and is filled with outright scams and lies.
