As far as I know, there is no built-in way this can be done, as the recent documents are stored in each application's preference file. However, a little AppleScript and:
tell application "Finder"
set fls to every file in alias ":Users:ben:Library:Preferences:"
set AppleScript's text item delimiters to {""}
repeat with fl in fls
if name extension of fl is "plist" then
set fn to name of fl
set pid to text items 1 thru -7 of fn as text
if pid = "com.apple.Xcode" then
try
do shell script "defaults delete " & pid & " NSRecentXCFileDocuments"
do shell script "defaults delete " & pid & " NSRecentXCProjectDocuments"
end try
else
try
do shell script "defaults delete " & pid & " NSRecentDocumentRecords"
end try
end if
end if
end repeat
end tell
This deals with normal applications and Xcode, but not the Apple menu or other applications which don't follow the pattern.