First make sure that the Joliet extensions have been enabled for your kernel. I imagine they are since you are using Ubuntu but check anyway, just to be sure:
grep -i joliet /boot/config-`uname -r`
That should return this line:
CONFIG_JOLIET=y
If the file is missing, try searching for joliet in /proc/config.gz
. I don't have this file on my system, I am repeating what I read here.
Now, assuming you do have joliet enabled, my guess is that you have a CD that is not Joliet. I tried to replicate your issue by creating a joliet iso of two case sensitive files:
$ ls foo/
Aaaaa Bbbbb
$ genisoimage -J -R -o foo.iso foo/
I: -input-charset not specified, using utf-8 (detected in locale settings)
Total translation table size: 0
Total rockridge attributes bytes: 323
Total directory bytes: 0
Path table size(bytes): 10
Max brk space used 0
181 extents written (0 MB)
$ sudo mount ./foo.iso baz/
mount: warning: baz/ seems to be mounted read-only. <-- ignore this, not a problem
$ ls baz
Aaaaa Bbbbb
In other words, as long as an image was created using the Joliet extensions it should be mounted case sensitive by default. I am really not an expert on image file systems but perhaps the problem is not Joliet but something completely different. Can you mount case sensitive if you do the same steps I did above?
EDIT:
I downloaded your iso and get the same behavior you describe, I can't mount it case sensitive. I did find a possible reason though. I ran isoinfo
on both your file and mine:
$ isoinfo -d -i Clover-1914-X64.iso | grep Joliet
Joliet with UCS level 1 found
$ isoinfo -d -i foo.iso | grep Joliet
Joliet with UCS level 3 found
I have no idea what the difference between Joliet levels 1 and 3 is but I suspect that is why your iso is not working properly. This might at least give you a new avenue of research.