Just to add to other comments, this could actually be a fault with your RAM, assuming you are using the Intel video graphics, as the system and video memory may be shared.
Best bet is to run something like Memtest86+ and see if this proves any RAM faults. If not, try something like Furmark to see if you can easily replicate the issue.
Once you've determined the issue can be replicated easily, try updating your graphics driver. Assuming you don't have dedicated graphics in your machine, you will find this from the Intel website (although you may need to force a manual installation of the graphics driver, often it will tell you that you should only use a driver distributed by your machine manufacturer - these are often seriously out of date. You can find steps to do this here:
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/graphics-drivers/000005474.html
The steps are pretty much the same for Windows 7/8/10)
If this hasn't helped, check your temps (GPU-Z and CoreTemp). If your temps are getting very hot (>75-80 c), check the vents aren't blocked with dust and clean them. Often with older machines the dust and hair can form a thick carpet across the fins of the heatsink which will likely require disassembly to remove.
If none of these are to blame, your graphics card (and if that's onboard, your CPU) are probably FUBAR.