RAID isn't a backup. Anybody who says otherwise has no idea what they're talking about, or is trying to sell you something.
RAID can be part of a high-availability setup designed to avoid needing to access your backups, but it is not by itself a backup.
Now, as far as what's best for your use case, it's hard to say without a lot more detail, but based on what you have stated, you have two options if you want local storage that will keep working if one of the storage devices fail:
- Buy two bigger drives, and just migrate your existing array to those. This is simple, and probably the least likely to break. It does however put an upper bound on how much space you can use (because it's not likely you'll be buying anything bigger than 8TB). If you take this approach, you probably want to avoid SMR drives and get regular ones.
- Buy a couple more 3TB drives, and convert everything to RAID5 or RAID6. This will give you better storage capacity, still survive one or two drives failing respectively, and may actually give you much better read performance.
As far as actual backups, just pay for a second cloud storage site (or if you're being sensible and using something like Amazon S3 that lets you specify location, set up a second storage location and back up to both).