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I'm constantly facing the same issue, that I'm not able to successfully copy files from one internal drive to an external drive. I'm using robocopy with this command

robocopy D:\ F:\ /e /zb /np /copy:DAT /dcopy:T /r:2 /w:5 /mir /log+:C:\Users\SomeUser\Desktop\Logs\copy.log /XD "System Volume Information" "Recycler"

After half an hour the command windows disappears as well as the hard drive from explorer. Some files were copied, but the transfer aborted in the middle. The event viewer shows the following entries in descending order:

Event ID 140/Ntfs:
Die Daten konnten nicht in das Transaktionsprotokoll verschoben werden. Die Daten sind möglicherweise beschädigt: Volume-ID: "F:", Gerätename: "\Device\HarddiskVolume10". ({Gerät-Zeitüberschreitung} Das Zeitlimit des angegebenen E/A-Vorgangs auf %hs wurde erreicht, bevor der E/A-Vorgang abgeschlossen wurde.)

Event ID 140/Ntfs:
Die Daten konnten nicht in das Transaktionsprotokoll verschoben werden. Die Daten sind möglicherweise beschädigt: Volume-ID: "F:", Gerätename: "\Device\HarddiskVolume10". (Ein nicht vorhandenes Gerät wurde angegeben.)

Event ID 51/Disk:
Bei einem Auslagerungsvorgang wurde ein Fehler festgestellt. Betroffen ist Gerät \Device\Harddisk2\DR3.

Event ID 153/Disk:
Der E/A-Vorgang an der logischen Blockadresse "0x5b0958" für den Datenträger "2" (PDO-Name: \Device\0000008d) wurde wiederholt.

Event ID 129/UASPStor:
Ein Zurücksetzen auf Gerät "\Device\RaidPort3" wurde ausgegeben.

One should be able to get the correct translation based on the event id.

Checkdisk doesn't show any errors

chkdsk F: /f /r

Other things I tried:

  • use another cable
  • use another USB 3.0 port (all directly on the motherboard)
  • reboot
  • disabled energy saving in device manager
  • disabled energy saving for USB in power settings
  • searched for "Legacy USB Support" in the BIOS settings, but didn't found one
  • uninstalled "Intel(R) USB 3.0 eXtensible-Hostcontroller - 1.0 (Microsoft)" driver

Nothing of this worked. The funny thing is, that this setup has worked in another similar configuration but with another operating system. Same motherboard, same hard drives, same external enclosure, ...

My bet is that the default Microsoft USB 3.0 driver is faulty. I event can't install another one, because Intel doesn't support Windows 10 ... Don't know why such a simple task cannot be done anymore with a modern operating system.

Related, but no solution worked for me. Searching the internet brings related threads - mostly with no real solution.

What is the problem causing this issue and how can I solve this?

GSmartControl

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   200   200   051    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0027   188   188   021    Pre-fail  Always       -       9600
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       147
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   200   200   140    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       762
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032   100   253   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       58
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       17
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       587
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   124   116   000    Old_age   Always       -       28
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       36
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x0008   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0

Byte comparison

C:\WINDOWS\system32>fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo d:\ | findstr /I "bytes"
Bytes pro Sektor :                 512
Bytes pro physischem Sektor :      4096
Bytes pro Cluster :                4096
Bytes pro Dateidatensatzsegment :  1024

C:\WINDOWS\system32>fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo F:\ | findstr /I "bytes"
Bytes pro Sektor :                 512
Bytes pro physischem Sektor :      4096
Bytes pro Cluster :                4096
Bytes pro Dateidatensatzsegment :  1024

Edit

Now I used another external enclosure and the backup did work! I used the same USB cable, the same USB port, the same motherboard, the same operating system/machine, the same hard drive. Only the enclosure was different. To go more into detail:

  • Cremax Icy Dock MB080U3S-1SB Blizzard Seems to use "ASMT 2105 USB Device" controller and works with the windows driver.

  • Fantec - MR-35DU3-6G Seems to use "JMS56x" controller and doesn't work with the windows driver. The drive appears as SCSI Disk Drive and this case is able to use two hard drives at the same time. In my configuration only one hard drive was installed.

In the first place one would think that the external enclosure is faulty, but I can't fully believe this because it worked before. It also does work some time and then it fails with robocopy. When I scanned the device with checkdisk it stayed online the whole time. So I still believe this is an driver issue or a energy management thing. I didn't had this problem before, only with the new Windows 10 machine.

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  • Check your external drive with GSmartControl, if attributes 5,196,197 greater than zero then external drive is dying
    – Alex
    Jul 30, 2018 at 21:37
  • @Alex: Which attribute do you mean?
    – testing
    Jul 30, 2018 at 21:47
  • Sounds like power option. In device manager, find the usb, go to properties and check the options to see if you can stop it powering off
    – Dave
    Jul 30, 2018 at 21:51
  • @Dave: Already tried that without success
    – testing
    Jul 30, 2018 at 21:52
  • 1
    In most cases driver would be the same - "USB mass storage device", you can compare by checking properties of both external drives (right click on drive=>property=>hardware then select you drive and hit "property", on "general" tab there would name of windows driver it used for this device) If windows driver is the same for both, then most likely it's hardware issue with internal adapter USB-to-SATA inside enclosure or it could be a bad USB cable/connector.
    – Alex
    Jul 31, 2018 at 20:14

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