My similar experiences
On one of my Windows PCs (a powerful new Intel Skull NUC), there are several USB ports. Three of these ports are the newer USB3 (blue inside) and the remainder are the older USB2 (white).
For reasons I don't technically understand, a few of my very old devices (e.g. a very old mouse), which work perfectly on old Windows PCs, will not connect at all when plugged into the USB3 ports of my new Skull but will connect perfectly on the USB2 ports.
Also, I have other very old devices (e.g. a portable Brother scanner) that will not connect to the new Windows PC unless I use a very specific USB cable (which happens to be a white USB cable that normally connects my Arlo camera to its power supply).
My suggestions for you
I don't understand the technical reasons for these incompatabilities, but the practical suggestions I offer are:
try plugging your old devices into the different USB ports on the PC, in case the USB2 and USB3 ports have different compatabiities with your old devices; and
try using a varient of different USB cables to connect the old device to the new Windows PC.
Good luck!