I want to use the Windows command line to enumerate through devices connected to a computer and return information.
How can I accomplish this?
You do this by using the devcon.exe utility.
It ships with Windows Driver Kit. Select just the Tools in the installation wizard if you do not need the rest of the kit.
Refer to The DevCon command-line utility functions as an alternative to Device Manager for specific commands. I imagine you would start with something like
devcon find *
This seems to be the more modern version of things like devcon.exe
or pnputil.exe
.