Run a cron job on the first Monday of every month?

Question

I'd like to run a job from cron at 8.30 on the first Monday of every month. The cron Wikipedia page says

While normally the job is executed when the time/date specification fields all match the current time and date, there is one exception: if both "day of month" and "day of week" are restricted (not "*"), then either the "day of month" field (3) or the "day of week" field (5) must match the current day.

(my emphasis)

Does that mean I can't do the first Monday of the month, I can only do the first (or whatever) day of the month? I can't think of a way round it.

Answer 1

You can put the condition into the actual crontab command (generic way):

[ "$(date '+%u')" = "1" ] && echo "It's Monday"

if your locale is EN/US, you can also compare strings (initial answer):

[ "$(date '+%a')" = "Mon" ] && echo "It's Monday"

---

Now, if this condition is true on one of the first seven days in a month, you have its first Monday. Note that in the crontab, the percent-syntax needs to be escaped though (generic way):

0   12  1-7 *   *   [ "$(date '+\%u')" = "1" ] && echo "It's Monday"

if your locale is EN/US, you can also compare strings (initial answer):

0   12  1-7 *   *   [ "$(date '+\%a')" = "Mon" ] && echo "It's Monday"

Replace the echo command with the actual command you want to run. I found a similar approach too.

Answer 2

I have a computer with locale on Spanish, so, this approach isn't working for me because mon changes to lun

Other languages would fail as well, so, I did a slight variation on the accepted answer that takes out the language barrier:

 0 9 1-7 * *   [ "$(date '+\%u')" = "1" ] && echo "¡Es lunes!"

Answer 3

I find it easier when there's no need to handle day numbers.

Run First Monday of month:

0 2 * * 1 [ `date '+\%m'` == `date '+\%m' -d "1 week ago"` ] || /path/to/command

i.e. if the month 1 week ago is not the same as the current month then we are on the 1st day 1 (= Monday) of the month.

Similarly, for the Third Friday

0 2 * * 6 [ `date '+\%m'` == `date '+\%m' -d "3 weeks ago"` ] || /path/to/command

i.e. if the month 3 weeks ago is different to current month then we are on the 3rd day 6 (= Friday) of the month

Answer 4

I have scheduled a job to run on the 4th Monday of every month at 4:00 PM as follows:

0 16 22-28 * Mon [ "$(date '+\%a')" == "Mon" ] && touch /home/me/FourthMonOfMonth.txt

Answer 5

Since I interpret my cron statements using php and js, I can't use bash. Finally I found that it is in fact possible with just cron:

0 30 8 * 1/1 MON#1

Hope this helps someone else. Regardless, I wish you all a beautiful day. :-)

Answer 6

I recommend to use

"$(/bin/date '+%\w')" = "1"

instead of

"$(date '+\%a')" = "Mon"

to avoid locale problem.

Answer 7

As far as I know it is NOT possible using only crontab, however one can use a wrapper function to pick the correct day from a "first seven days of month" contab entry; see this from entry.

The wrapper script would be

#! /usr/bin/ksh
day=$(date +%d)
if ((day <= 7)) ; then
   exec somecommand
fi
exit 1

and you would need to run it (assuming it is called wrapper.sh and globally available) using the crontab entry

0 0 * * 1 wrapper.sh

Answer 8

On Solaris 10 I had to format the condition as follows:

[ `date +\%a` = "Sat" ] && echo "It's Saturday"

Answer 9

You can try running cronjob for first seven days of month and let it execute only on Monday.

30 8 * * 1 [`date +\%d` -le 07] && <job>

Above should work for you.

Answer 10

There is a hacky way to do this with a classic (Vixie, Debian) cron:

30 8 */100,1-7 * MON

The day-of-month field starts with a star (*), and so cron considers it "unrestricted" and uses the AND logic between the day-of-month and the day-of-week fields.

*/100 means "every 100 days starting from date 1". Since there are no months with more than 100 days, */100,1-7 effectively means "on dates 1 to 7".

Here's my article with more details: Schedule Cronjob for the First Monday of Every Month, the Funky Way

Answer 11

I made a general solution for this kind of problems, it works for first, second, third..... last weekday of the month.

You can use it like this:

30 06 * * Mon run-if-today 1 "Mon" && echo "First Monday"
30 06 * * Thu run-if-today 3 "Thu" && echo "Third Thursday"
30 06 * * Sun run-if-today L "Sun" && echo "Last Sunday"

The script run-if-today check for both the weekday and the desired week date range, if both match then it returns 0, otherwise 1.

Check the code here. https://github.com/xr09/cron-last-sunday

Answer 12

This usage should be most universal and avoids the locale issue.

[ `/bin/date +\%u` -eq 1 ]

the first Monday of the month at 6am would look like this in /etc/crontab

00 6 1-7 * *    root    [ `/bin/date +\%u` -eq 1 ] && /run/yourjob.sh

Answer 13

crontab 30 8 */27 * 1

At 08:30 AM, [ones] every 27 days, and on Monday (see crontab expression generator)

Day of the month is unencumbered (is *), so the either logic/exception does not apply.

Answer 14

The day of month field here is */100,1-7, meaning “every 100 days starting from date 1, and also on dates 1-7”. Since there are no months with 100+ days, this again is a trick to say “on dates 1 to 7” but with a leading star. Because of the star, cron will run the command on dates 1 to 7 that are also Monday.

0 22 */100,1-7 * 2

On the cron guru example below, you can see the result and the next run date.

https://crontab.guru/#0_0_/100,1-7__MON

Answer 15

I just ran into this and here is what I came up with:

0 11 * * 1#1 - Run at 11 am on the first Monday of every month
0 11 * * 1#2 - Run at 11 am on the second Monday of every month
0 11 * * 1#3 - Run at 11 am on the third Monday of every month

If you wanted to run on Tuesday instead:

0 11 * * 2#1 - Run at 11 am on the first Tuesday of every month
0 11 * * 2#2 - Run at 11 am on the second Tuesday of every month
0 11 * * 2#3 - Run at 11 am on the third Tuesday of every month

Answer 16

I believe this solves the problem more elegantly:

30 8 1-7 * 1 /run/your/job.sh

Answer 17

I needed the same result, but wanted to use pure cron. I hope this improves on the accepted answer.

For me I needed it to run the First Monday of each month at noon.

So this should run: At Noon, in the first 7 days of the month, on a Monday: 0 12 1-7 * 1

https://crontab.guru/#0_12_1-7_*_1

Answer 18

0 9 1-7 * 1 * 

This will work for every monday of every month.