Is there any way to get the windows cmd shell to expand wildcard paths?

Question

Occasionally, the cmd shell's inability to expand wildcard paths can really be an inconvenience. I had to pass 100 files in a directory to a program, and couldn't type *.ext. Instead, I used mingw's 'ls' to dump the list to a file, then replaced newlines with spaces, copied and pasted into cmd. Quite a nightmare.

I suspect the answer will be no, but has anyone dealt with this or come up with any way to make this easier?

Answer 1

DOS, and consequently Windows' cmd.exe, never supported wildcard expansion by the shell. It was always up to the application to do the expansion.

This means you will always have to find another route if you're using an application that doesn't support expansion. You could:

• Use a FOR loop to run some commands against all the files you're interested in
• Use dir /b > list.txt to use the dir command to perform the expansion and put the list of files into a text file (you could then use something like an Excel formula if you're really desperate to produce a list of commands to paste into cmd, or you could use Excel to transpose the cells so all the filenames are on the same line.)

Answer 2

Just use Powershell, which is preinstalled on Windows 7. Powershell is capable of running cmd commands and does understand wildcards at any place in a path.

To start Powershell just type "powershell" in your start menu search box and hit enter.

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In case the application expects a string with all filenames in it this is the right script:

$delimiter = " "
[string]$files = $nothing ; ls *.txt | % { $files += $_.fullname + $delimiter } ; application.exe $files

Change $delimiter = " " to $delimiter = "," if your application expects a comma separated list of file names.

Explanation of code:

• [string]$files = $nothing - creates an empty variable of type
• string ; - is a separator for multiple commands, not a pipeline!
• ls *.txt | % { $files += $_.fullname + $delimiter } - gets a list of all text files and creates a string with all filenames separated by the delimiter
• application.exe $files - calls the application and passes the file list to it

You can even search for a file pattern recursively by adding -recurse to ls *.txt so the complete code would look like this:

$delimiter = " "
[string]$files = $nothing ; ls *.txt -recurse | % { $files += $_.fullname + $delimiter } ; application.exe $files

Edit:
To avoid irritations, ls and dir are aliases of Get-ChildItem and % is an alias to ForEach-Object. I keep my code with aliases used because it's shorter.

Answer 3

This will give you a list and also put it in variable named expanded_list. Put it in batch file and run with myBatchFile name myPattern. Enclose pattern with quotation marks if it includes spaces. Matches files, no dirs. Run without parameters matches all.

@echo off
set expanded_list=
for /f "tokens=*" %%F in ('dir /b /a:-d "%~1"') do call set expanded_list=%%expanded_list%% "%%F"

echo expanded_list is: 
echo %expanded_list%

You can then run you command with my_command_exec %expanded_list%

WARNING! Maximum size of cmd variable is 8191 characters (XP onwards), so it's possible to overflow it! You cannot count on the utility to always give you complete list. On the other hand, maximum cmd line length is also 8191 so you would not be able to execute it anyway.

Answer 4

This works in cmd.exe

dir /b *.ext

or

echo | dir /b *.ext

Answer 5

Note, this is in Comment to the posters in a separate thread user619818 and styfle)

DIR can and does allow searching all subdirectories for files matching a specific type.

Note: The Root Directory to check which all subdirectories lie under is assumed to be "C:\My Program\Root\" as the author did not give a path name under which these directories are located

DIR /B /S "C:\My Program\Root\*.ext"

this will give the full file paths and filenames of the source files.

if you only want file names you would have to do as follows

FOR /F "Tokens=*" %A IN ('DIR /B /S "C:\My Program\Root\*.ext"') DO @( Echo.%~nxA )

so assuming you want to move all of these files from "C:\My Program\Root\Sub Directories\*.ext" to "D:\Singlefolder\*.ext" you simply do this:

FOR /F "Tokens=*" %A IN ('DIR /B /S "C:\My Program\Root\*.ext"') DO @( MOVE "%~A" "D:\Singlefolder\%~nxA" /Y )

Hope that helps others in the future. :)