Windows doesn't ask to reboot every time an update is installed. For example, it doesn't ask to reboot if the definitions for Windows Defender are updated, using Windows Update, or it doesn't ask to reboot when a new device and the related driver is installed/updated. In the latest versions of OS, the restart is strictly required in case of major updates, like security updates for the system or its modules, like updates for .NET Framework.
The reason of the restarts in Windows is that Windows isn't able to update important files while they're in use, because they're locked while the OS is running. When the OS restarts, the files doesn't have a lock and they could be overwritten and updated. The difference with Linux is the different architecture. While Windows locks its important files, Linux doesn't and the files could be updated or deleted in an easier way than Windows. For this reason, Linux asks the user to reboot only few times.