Your disk uses the GUID Partition Table (GPT), which supports up to 128 partitions by default. Some of the partitions you mentioned are necessary for system operation. Others were added by Sony and are needed by Sony's tools, such as the recovery partitions, that are used for (drum roll, please) recovery operations. Many of these partitions are likely to be small by modern disk standards. The point of all this is that you should focus on the disk space used rather than the number of partitions. Unlike in the old MBR days, you're not limited to just four primary partitions.
That said, you can obtain Windows installation media from Microsoft legally and for free, as described here (among other places; try a Web search). Using such media, you can wipe your disk and install everything from scratch in a "generic" way, eliminating any OEM bloatware that might be present. This will reduce the partition count, but the main benefit is in removing bloatware within the partitions. Of course, this action will wipe all your data, including any personal files, so you should back up such files before you re-install Windows.