Questions tagged [ext4]
The ext4 or fourth extended filesystem is a journaling file system for Linux, developed as the successor to ext3.
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What is the benefit of tailoring `mke2fs` regarding inode count compared to leaving the default
I have found that manually setting the -N parameter of mke2fs -t ext4 according to guesses or looking at df -i output creates much less inodes for a given size of a file system. Filesystem creation ...
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Can I access data from single HDD of RAID-1 (Software based RAID)?
I had a machine running Linux Server (Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS) on a M.2 NVMe SSD, and have connected 2 four TB NAS HDD with software based RAID-1 configuration (Linux RAID1 and formatted as EXT4 partition)....
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Is there a tool like `dd` but respect sparse-ness of input file?
I am creating disk images with multiple ext4 partitions on it. Each ext4 partition content is created with mkfs.ext4 and the resulting filesystem image files are "sparse".
When I use dd to ...
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How to investigate ext4 filesystem going read-only (no hardware errors reported)?
I have two separate systems experiencing what appears to be the same issue:
"Desktop" - i7-7700K, ASUS Prime Z270-A, Ubuntu 22.04. Kernel 5.15.0-94-generic.
"Server" - NUC8i3BEH, ...
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Why does the OS boot from ext4 on a particular PC only?
I've installed Manjaro on a USB stick to carry with me. However, I can boot from it only on the machine I used to install. On other PCs, the BIOS or UEFI does not recognize the drive as bootable.
The ...
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No "merge to ..." option in DiskGenius resize partition
I installed DiskGenius PE on my USB drive and tried to resize a partition. As shown in the picture, my ubuntu-vg(2) has 463.8GB while its sub-partition ubuntu-lv has only 100GB.
So I tried to resize ...
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Read EXT4 GPT partition type SSD on windows [closed]
I use SharpExt4 to read and copy data from an EXT4 SSD with an MBR partition type in Windows.
Now, I have a new card with a GPT partition type, as the new memory card is 4 terabytes and not able to ...
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Breaking down e2fsck
Is e2fsck -cc equivalent to badblocks -nsv -o badblocks.txt; e2fsck -L badblocks.txt?
If so, could I potentially speed up the testing by getting badblocks to do a destructive read-write test? Like ...
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External hard drive unmounts when spun down
I'm using a Raspberry Pi 5 with an external hard drive connected via USB 3. On boot, it is mounted with the following entry in /etc/fstab:
LABEL=external /mnt/external ext4 defaults,noatime,nofail 0 2
...
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How to convert ext4 partition on raid 1 to btrfs?
I'm trying to convert two ext4 partitions that are on raid 1 with mdadm to btrfs.
When i try to run
fsck.ext4 /dev/md0p2
fsck.ext4 /dev/md0p3
They return with
e2fsck 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
/dev/md0p3 ...
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Why is my ext4 HDD silent on kernel 4.9 and noisy on 5.15 or later?
I have a HDD that still runs on a Debian Stretch system with kernel 4.9. The HDD was also mkfs'ed on that kernel.
When I manually mount the HDD on it, there are a few short and almost inaudible access ...
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GNU Linux (ext4 and others) how to find largest duplicate files?
Luckily there are tools to find duplicate files, but unaware of any that output a sortable (by filesize) list.
How to find the top 30 duplicates sorted by filesize?
Have to sort out the msort X-D
...
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Copying large video files to external hard drive (connected via a SATA III to USB 3.0 hub) universally causes file corruption
The files are perfectly fine on my server's local SSD, but when I try to copy them to the ext4 logical volume I have set up on top of a volume group that contains only this HDD, where the size of the ...
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Why are simlink loop not an issue?
So I learned that hardlink on folders are forbidden to avoid infinite loops in the file system. Seems a good idea! But why is it not a problem to create an infinite loop with simlinks on folders? Why ...
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EXT4 filesystem Superblock invalid after lvextend and power failure
There was a LVM with VG on two partition-based PVs
My bad, everything following was happening on a mounted filesystem.
I've successfully added third PV
pvcreate /dev/sdc2
Successfully extended the VG
...
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Keep a WSL2-mounted ext4 drive persistent and available to Windows after closing the WSL window
The documentation to mount ext4 drive into Windows using WSL is clearly explain here (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/wsl2-mount-disk)
However, anytime I close my WSL2 session, I lose ...
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WRITE_ZEROES is not supported on loop device
I have an NTFS partition and an ext4 image on it. When I mount the ext4 image, I get the following error:
operation not supported error, dev loop1, sector [sector number] op 0x9:(WRITE_ZEROES) flags ...
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Recovering inode connection on ext4 fs
I faced some non-standard behavior in ext4 partition on my external drive.
After i disconnect my disk from laptop and reconnect again i witnesssed something odd: i somehow lost some of my files... Or ...
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What happens (how to control what happens) to the unused part (unused tail) of a block when writing a small file to a larger block?
When I write a new, small file (a few hundreds of bytes) to my ext4 filesystem, if I understand well (I am not a specialist of filesystems):
i) a 4KiB block (with my present filesystem and filesystem ...
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how to test in bash which of the two symlinks is older (or newer)
Apparently, the bash tests -nt and -ot dereference links.
Let's consider the following files and links to them:
$ ls -lt --full-time f* | cut -d ' ' -f 6-
2023-04-24 02:05:01.083919712 +0200 f1l -> ...
user1787659
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ext4 disk modified by windows 10 and now lost all files on that drive [duplicate]
I had a 250GB SATA SSD and 500GB SATA SSD. I first used Ubuntu OS installed on the 250GB SSD and used the 500GB SSD to store my other files. Then I decided to dual boot Windows 10 to use Office ...
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Formatting/permanently mounting an nvme1n1 type drive on Ubuntu 22.04
I have an EC2 instance (Ubuntu 22.04), that I would like to add an additional 20 GB drive to. I used the AWS console to create a new 20GB drive, and attached to my instance.
When I do lsblk:
NAME ...
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Why does the performance of a hard drive with ext4 vary over time?
I have a strange problem with a Western Digital HDD.
The performance of this drive varies pretty significantly over time. The observed range goes from ~50MB/s to more than 100 MB/s. The performance is ...
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Partition unused space larger when mounted vs unmounted in GParted
Trying to resize partition using GParted to make it as small as possible before creating read-only image.
When mounted, unused space is 2.06GiB… when unmounted (right-clicking partition in GParted and ...
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How to make Windows read ext4, zfs, etc. linux drives?
In linux packages like ntfs-3g enable linux systems to read and write to NTFS drives. However when I connect a drive that was previously used in linux to a Windows system, Windows does not recognize ...
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How to convert NTFS to ext file system without loosing data in zeroin os
I was using windows 11 and switched to Zeroin OS
I have 2 hard disk on my pc
1- Agile 240 GB SSD
2 WD 2 TB HDD (It was having two partition on windows but now showing only one)
After switching from ...
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Why copying the entire content of a Hard Disk to a similar Hard Disk of same capacity (5TB) results much extra (140GB+) free space
I bought WD Elements 2667 and my old Hard disk is WD my passport 2665. After copying the entire content of 2nd HDD to 1st HDD, resulted free space of 140GB+ in the new HDD. I checked the size of lost+...
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Formatting a USB as EXT4 FileSystem format
How do I format an EXT4 Drive on Windows CMD? I'm making a small script for my Java program to run. it involves formatting a drive in ext4.
I really appreciate any help you can provide.
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LVM, EXT4, mount points etc. I'm not even sure how to determine what the issue might be
I have a media server that used to work: 4 disks, EXT4, as a single LVM with 5 shares.
Working through other tutorials, when I execute the "lsblk" command this is what I see:
NAME ...
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rsync "File name too long (36)" error for filenames with UTF-8 characters
Trying to copy files from an NTFS-formatted HDD to an EXT4-formatted HDD, rsync fails to copy some of them having relatively long file names consisting of Asian (UTF-8) characters.
For example, there'...
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How to determine how the data was set when creating the ext4 on the raid0 LVM
I am working on consistent snapshots verifications. We snapshotted the raw device attached (saying two drives sdb and sdc) to a host and want to check the data was preserved with the desired orders as ...
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How do I write to a USB drive formatted as ext4 in Windows 11?
I have an SD card formatted as ext4 for use with SteamOS and EmuDeck. I want to add files to this SD card from my Windows 11 PC using a SD to USB adapter. Most of the the ext4 programs I've found ...
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Recovery of scp overwritten file
I had two 2GB txt files a.txt and b.txt that I wanted to copy to another directory using scp.
However I accidently didn't type the destination directory and typed the following commands
scp *.txt
and ...
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Can rsync --remove-source-files to the same drive reduce fragmentation?
I know that rsync with --remove-source-files (which I use instead of mv so I can merge directory hierarchies) creates new inodes:
stat 2021_07_30_20_18_17.pdf~
rsync --remove-source-files ...
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If SSD content is changed due to this kind of error, should you get new SSD?
This came up when I booted. When I did the manual fsck it told that it changed the content of the drive. Is there a way to know which file(s) is affected?
The system is running Ubuntu 20.04 and this ...
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Restore Files Deleted with rm -rf on linux
I accidentally deleted two folders from my home directory and I want to recover them. I don't want to use testdisk or ext4magic (they just don't work for me and are really annoying). Also I have not ...
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How to avoid non contiguous directories
This question came from this other question.
I'm currently seeing some performance issues in my disks, and the stats shown between 16-43% of directories non-contiguous, and 0.42-13% files non-...
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Super slow Ext4 directory traverse
I'm currently working on a system that stores files in EXT4 partitions in large disk (10 TiB and 16 TiB ones). All disks are connected via SATA to an HBA (Dell PERC H310).
The file structure is like ...
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code=exited, status=1/FAILURE on mkfs.ext4 in Ubuntu
I stopped this service and now when I attempt to start it I get the following error:
Is there a way I can find out why the first process is failing?
systemctl status crmpicco-admin.service
● crmpicco-...
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Need help recovering ext4 LVM partition
I have a VMware ESXi virtual machine running Ubuntu 18.04 with LVM configured partitions. I was trying to extend one of the logical volumes mount as / but mistakenly and foolishly deleted the LVM ...
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How to recover data after "Safely remove drive" applied on ext4 drive under Windows?
The story
I have an external harddisk that has been formatted for use with Linux. Unfortunately I inserted this disk in a Windows computer. Immediately after that it became corrupted. I have used ...
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File deletion on NTFS vs ext4
How does deletion of files on NTFS compare to deletion on ext4 in terms of basic methodology?
This may be too broad of a question, so alternatively, I was looking at the Veracrypt docs
On Windows, ...
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Automated way to create EXT4 Partition on Windows 10
The Problem
Partitioning 32GB uSD cards with 2GB FAT32/~30GB EXT4 in a production environment (20 per day) performed by production technicians (people who need something that's simple as a single ...
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Malfunctioning hard drive. What can be interpreted from the “smartctl -a” output?
I was asked to replace a malfunctioning hard drive, which was used as recording device in a TV setup.
(2.5" HDD, simple USB interface, in a two part plastic casing)
As it has a USB type A cable ...
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Are there recovery options for a SSD drive which is not detected anymore?
The SSD drive on my laptop is not detected anymore, resulting in a "no bootable device" error at startup. If possible, I would like to recover some of the files from the drive.
I use Linux ...
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Linux mounts ext4 external drive read only
My laptop has two operating systems, Windows 11 and Arch Linux.
I have a external 4TB HDD formatted to ext4.
When I go into Windows, I normally disconnect the external drive, but not always because I ...
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How to mount Android 10 vendor image file / how to mount ext4 .img in write mode?
I'm getting the exact same error as How to mount Android 10 vendor image file, that is, when I decompressed system.new.dat.br from an Android ROM to a system.img and when I try to mount with:
sudo ...
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Creating automatic backups with rsync from ext4 file system to afps file system on another device (local network)
I shared an external hard drive (AFPS file format) on my macosx via local file sharing to my ubuntu server (ext4 file format). I would like to use rsync to automatically sync folders from the ext4 ...
user1673593
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Whats the best way to read ext4 partitions in windows 10 (in the year 2022)? [duplicate]
There's plenty of articles out there (and questions/answers here on superuser) of how to do this, but I can't find any that aren't outdated.
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How to remove an e4crypt key?
I want to encrypt a folder on an ext4 file system. This is how I have set up the encryption:
[root@test /]# e4crypt add_key
Enter passphrase (echo disabled):
Added key with descriptor [...
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